Ethical Ethics Ethical Or Unethical - 3134 Words

Final Paper Project Baseline Ethics I define my own ethics by the way I look at various controversial issues. If I am able to see both sides of an argument without being judgmental, I know that I am thinking ethically. I feel that judging right from wrong can be a very difficult process, especially when the lines are the slightest bit blurred. The way that I distinguish this is by putting myself in the shoes of a person on each side of the argument and seeing how I would feel in each place. With this strategy, I can clearly explain my point of view to other people for why I think something is ethical or unethical. For example, I have put a lot of thought into the topic of abortion. One of my best friends was pregnant at sixteen by a boy who was not even close to becoming a man. She belongs to a very Catholic family who would have made her have the baby had they known about it earlier. For her, this was a nightmare, as it would be for any young and scared girl. More than anything, she wanted to get rid o f the baby that she was completely unprepared for. Under this pressure, she spiraled out of control and resorted to drugs and alcohol in hopes of having a miscarriage. Through all of this, I tried to help her and make her stop her downward spiral, wishing that she would tell her parents. I figured that maybe they would understand and sign off on her getting an abortion. Eventually, someone did tell them and they would have made her have the baby had she not woken up in theShow MoreRelatedEthics : Ethical And Unethical Behavior Essay1183 Words   |  5 PagesWebster Dictionary ethics are â€Å"rules of behavior based on ideas about what is morally good and bad; an area of study that deals with ideas about what is good and bad behavior: a branch of philosophy dealing with what is morally right or wrong†. There is more to ethics than the simple definition. To understand ethics one must define what is ethical and unethical behavior in the workplace and it importance, prescriptiv e approaches, psychological approaches, whistle-blowers, and ethics as organizationalRead MoreEthics, Ethical, And Unethical Behavior1290 Words   |  6 Pagesmember within a corporation starts to cheat, steal, and coerce the system, it becomes a domino effect that leaves devastating ramifications. We will discuss issues like falsifying financial statements, improper use of company funds, ethical behaviors and unethical behaviors. Fairness The first virtue that I choose to discuss within this paper is the word fairness. Fair is defined as â€Å"agreeing with what is thought to be right or acceptable; treating people in a way that does not favor some overRead MoreEthics : Ethical And Unethical Behavior869 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is ethics? What are some of the issues of ethics that occur in social research? How important is ethics in research? Ethics or moral philosophy involves, arranging, defending, and endorsing concepts of right and wrong conduct in society. The term ethics, according to Henry Sidgwick, derives from three great ethical philosophers of ancient Greece, Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Conducting social research, without proper use knowledge pertaining to the code of conduct is violating human rightsRead MoreEthics And Ethical And Unethical Practices1453 Words   |  6 PagesThree Fraud Cases With the development of technology, both for ethical and unethical practices, it is a consistent battle with firms protecting their own AIS, and hackers finding the ability to hack into information to receive an advantage in committing a fraud. There are many cases in which a firm(s) were victims of the act committed by the hackers. The main three cases discussed here is: the Department of Veterans Affairs (May 2006), Sony’s PlayStation network (April 2011), and Target’s AIS hackRead MoreUnethical Behavior And Ethical Behavior1519 Words   |  7 PagesUnethical behaviour and ethical behaviour are two factors that are found to be very different around the world. Ethical behaviour can be seen to come from an an individual with a high morality and proper conduct. Unethical behavior, defined as behaviour that violates generally accepted moral norms (Jones, 1991) can usually come from an individual that does not abide by the rules of morality. The professional world is whe re ethical and unethical behaviour is a constant topic. The professional worldRead MoreSales Ethics Is an Oxymoron1567 Words   |  7 PagesIs Sales-Ethics an Oxymoron? Globalization highlighted the ethical issues and concerns for every individual organization, multinational organizational conduct their operations under ethical code of conduct to confine the issues faced by unethical conducts. Many organizations such as pharmaceutical firms, technological firms and financial firms pay more attentions to ethical behavior to ensure the sales to consumers have been impeccably ethical. However managers pay attention to behavioral ethicalRead MoreEthical Ethics And Ethical Issues1180 Words   |  5 PagesEthical issues in organizations are inevitable and are always on the horizon. These ethical concerns can directly impact the overall health of an organization in both positive and negative aspects. In order to be prepared for the ethical issues that will arise and to create an organizational competitive advantage, an intentional focus and effective communication of the code of ethics must be incorporated as a part of strategic planning. Sherwin (1983) indicates the that the term ethics, â€Å"refers toRead MoreHuman Nature, Unethical Behavior, Ethical Behavior And Work934 Words   |  4 Pagesnew idea of an ethical work force. According to Business Ethics, â€Å"ethics is the set of principles a person uses to determine whether an action is good or bad† (Collins, 2012). While some would argue the greatest achievement in longevity is a strong bottom line, others state by forging a strong correlation between ethical behavior and work habits, employees are less likely to participate in workplace misconduct. This essay identifies the direct correlation with longevity and an ethical work force. SoRead MoreOrganizational Culture : Business Practices1011 Words   |  5 Pages Does Organisational Culture Shape Ethical Business Practices? U5009333 Sarah Zuiderduin 14/10/2014 â€Æ' Introduction Organisation culture can be described as the beliefs, customs, value systems and behavioural norms and ways of doing business that are unique to each corporation. The impact of organisational culture on the ethical standards and moral practices of people in organisations has become increasingly common (Fisse Braithwaite, 1983). Managers within organisationsRead MoreCode Of Ethics And Ethics Essay1704 Words   |  7 PagesCode of Ethics Implementation A Code of Ethics is regarded as the written guideline to the moral constitution of an organization ( ). The Code of Ethics (Appendix A) outlines the rights, duties, responsibilities, and a benchmark for the organization and its evaluation (Mihai Alina, 2013). It contains behavioral principles and rules of conduct that aids in the decision-making processes and balances the stakeholders expectations and interests against corporate responsibility

The Mystery Of Alzheimer s Disease - 1537 Words

Mystery Alzheimer’s Maury Lemons Nur 203 Midland University 16 October, 2015 Mystery Alzheimer’s Alzheimer’s is a type of dementia that causes problems with memory, thinking, and behavior. The purpose of this paper is to discuss medical definition, etiology, signs and symptoms, stages of disease progression, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia. Alzheimer’s disease is Ultimately fatal. Medical Definition. Alzheimer s disease is a progressive, degenerative disorder that attacks the brain s nerve cells, or neurons, resulting in loss of memory, thinking and language skills, and behavioral changes. These neurons, which produce the brain chemical, or neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, break connections with other nerve cells and ultimately die. For example, short-term memory fails when Alzheimer s disease first destroys nerve cells in the hippocampus, and language skills and judgment decline when neurons die in the cerebral cortex. Two types of abnormal lesions clog the brains of individuals with Alzheimer s disease: Beta-amyloid plaques—sticky clumps of protein fragments and cellular material that form outside and around neurons; and neurofibrillary tangles—insoluble twisted fibers composed largely of the protein tau that build up inside nerve cells. Although these structures are hallmarks of the disease, scientists are unclear whether they cause it or a byproduct of it. Origi n of the termShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Symptoms Of Alzheimer s Disease930 Words   |  4 PagesAlzheimer’s Disease Kevin Arnold from the Wonder Years said â€Å"Memory is a way of holding on to the things you love, the things you are, and the things never want to lose.† Memories are the things that are upheld, whether good or bad, those memories are imprinted in the mind and cannot be taken away that is, until later in life. As one ages it is natural for some memories to fade. Loss of memories and brain function deficits that occur and are not from normal aging may indicate a person is sufferingRead MoreThe Most Common Risk Factor For Alzheimer Disease1537 Words   |  7 Pageshave done extensive research on the factors that may afflict alzheimer s disease. Risk factors on their own are not causes of a disease. Risk factors represent an increased chance, but not a certainty, that Alzheimer’s disease will develop. The most common risk factors are age,history and heredity but evidence suggests that there may other factors that can be influenced. Ageing is the most common risk factor for alzheimer disease. Most individuals that are diagnosed with this condition areRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Alzheimer s Disease920 Words   |  4 PagesAlthough there is no cure for Alzheimer’s there are ways to treat this disease. Certain medications may help lessen the symptoms, such as memory loss and confusion but only for a limited amount of time. The Food and Drug Administration have approved the following types of medications: cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine, both of these medications treat the cognitive symptoms of Alzheimer s disease. (Office) Unfortunately, as Alzheimer’s advances the patient’s brain cells progressively die andRead MoreAd : An Unidentified Mystery1224 Words   |  5 Pagesdevelopment of AD still remain an unidentified mystery. There are some links they are those rare, inherited forms caused by a known genetic mutation. (Dekkers, W., Marcel, O. R. 2006) Those links are part of family history those who have a parent, or sibling with Alzheimer s are at a higher percentage of developing AD. (Dekkers, W., Marcel, O. R. 2006) AD is not a regular part of growing older, however, it is one of the highest risk factor for the disease. Currently, there are millions affected byRead MoreA Research Study On Alzheimer s Disease1339 Words   |  6 Pagesare a couple types of dementia. This research paper is about Alzheimer s Disease (AD) which is a specific type of dementia that is closely related to aging. AD accounts for 50 to 80 percent of dementia cases. AD usually affects people 65 and older, but i t can start in rare cases around 40 to 50. 5.3 million people in America have been diagnosed with AD, and almost two thirds of the population that has been diagnosed are women (Alzheimer s Association, 2015). Learning about AD can help people understandRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease : A Type Of Dementia1154 Words   |  5 Pages Alzheimer’s disease is a type of dementia that causes problems with your memory and behavior. Dementia is a term for the severe loss of mental ability that it interferes with your daily life. This is caused by damage to the brain cells. Alzheimer s disease is the most common type of dementia and is characterized by gradual declines mental abilities (Journal of Clinical Diagnostic Research, 2016). The disease slowly attacks nerve cells in all parts of the brain and some surrounding structuresRead More Alzheimers Disease Essay1733 Words   |  7 Pages Alzheimers Disease Alzheimer ¡Ã‚ ¦s disease is a slow, progressive, and degenerative disease of the brain. This disease is marked by a gradual loss of memory and other cognitive functions. quot;Alzheimers Disease is also known as the most common cause of dementia--a general term referring to the loss of memory and the ability to think, reason, function, and behave properlyquot; (Medina,1999). It primarily affects adults in their 60s or older and eventually destroys a persons ability to performRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease : A Normal Part Of Aging And That It Isn t Fatal1315 Words   |  6 Pages ii. Research shows that Alzheimer’s disease causes changes in the brain for decades prior to the first symptoms become visible, so even people who seem free of the disease today might be at risk. iii. Alzheimer s disease has no survivors. It s a disease that destroys your brain cells and causes it to malfunction, change memory, which results in unpredictable behaviors and loss of body functions. It gradually and agonizingly takes away a person s characteristics, ability to bond withRead MoreLong Term Effects Of Alzheimer s Disease1176 Words   |  5 PagesEffects of Alzheimer’s Disease? A Review of the Literature Dementia, defined by the Alzheimer’s Association, is the overall term for diseases and conditions characterized by a decline in memory or other thinking skills that affects a person’s ability to perform everyday activities. More than 250,000 Americans will develop dementia (including Alzheimer s) when they are sixty-five or older and at eighty-five the risk of developing Alzheimer’s is fifty percent. Since this disease was found in 1907 byRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease And Its Effects On The Brain1132 Words   |  5 Pages Last year my maternal Aunt Kate passed away. She had been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) about eight years earlier. My maternal grandmother also had been diagnosed with AD before her death. Later this month I will accompany my 77-year-old mother to her neurologist appointment. While she has not been diagnosed with AD, she has been prescribed Donepezil (Aricept), one of the newer drugs that are thought to reduce the declin e in memory in patients that have or might be developing dementia

Various Sources of American Law Free Essays

Various Primary Sources of American Laws Gary Craddock Everest University Online Abstract There are various sources of American Law Primary sources of law are sources that establish the law and are in enforced by the controlling authority (the government’s) of a society. They consist of case law and common law doctrines, the U. S. We will write a custom essay sample on Various Sources of American Law or any similar topic only for you Order Now constitution and the constitution of various states, statutory law including laws passed by Congress State legislature and local governing bodies, regulations created by the administrative agencies. Another type of law that is an important source of law or treaties with other nations are also considered a primary source of law. The differences between mandatory authority types of law and persuasive authority types of law will be the topics. Various Primary Sources of American Laws The body of law called case law, arose from English common law tradition, because of our colonial heritage much of American law is based on making English legal system. (Miller Urisko, 2011,2008,2003,2000,1995)English common law was a body of general rules that apply throughout the English realm.. Courts developed the common-law rules from the principles underlying judge’s decisions in actual legal controversies. When possible they base their decision on principles suggested by earlier cases. Each interpretation became part of the law on which the subject and served as a legal precedent. Later case that involves similar legal principles or facts can be decided with reference to that precedent. Case law is one of the various primary sources of American law. Constitutional law The Federal government and the states have set for written constitution sets forth the general organization, powers, and limits of their respective governments. Laws are expressed in these constitutions are referred to as constitutional law. They cover such things as constitutional rights, Ten amendments commonly known as the Bill of Rights provide protection for individuals. Article VI of the United States Constitution states that the constitution law, and treaties of the United States are the supreme law of the land. The 10th amendment to the U. S. constitution which defines the power and limitations of the Federal government, for search all the power not granted to the Federal government to the states. Miller Urisko, 2011,2008,2003,2000,1995) This is why constitutional law is one of the various primary sources of American law. Statutory law Another source of law which are Laws enacted by the legislative bodies at any level of government are known as Statutes. Laws created by the legislature are generally referred to as Statutory Law. The constitution provides states’ rights including the right to control commerce within state bord ers and exercise powers to protect public health, safety, Morales, and general welfare. Statutory law also includes local ordinances, an order, rule, or law passed by city or town as governments to govern matters not covered by the Federal or state law is known that as an ordinance. and fifth sentences should provide support for the paragraph’s topic. (Miller Urisko, 2011,2008,2003,2000,1995) In conclusion, that a state statute is found to conflict with a Federal statute to state law is invalid and this is why statutory law is one of the various primary sources of American law. Administrative law Another source of American law is administrative law, consisting of rules, order, and decisions of administrative agencies. The Federal, state, or local governments agencies established to go down a specific function is known as an administrative agency. Administrative agencies perform three basic functions rulemaking investigation and, enforcement, adjudication. The administrative procedure act of 1946 imposes strict procedural requirements that agencies must follow in their rulemaking and other functions this is one of the major functions of its administrative agency. Administrative agencies have both investigatory and prosecutorial powers. Administrative agencies adjudication involves a trial like hearing before an administrative law judge. Miller Urisko, 2011,2008,2003,2000,1995) These four types of law, common-law, constitutional law, statutory law, and administrative law are the various primary sources of American law. Mandatory Authority, versus Persuasive Authority Mandatory authority is any source of law that a court must follow when deciding a case, which is also known as a binding authority wh ich includes constitutions, statutes ,and regulations that govern the issue’s being decided, as well as the court’s decision that are controlling precedents within the jurisdiction. When no binding authority exists court will often review persuasive precedents which are precedents that have been decided in similar cases in other jurisdictions. Persuasive precedents are entitled to respect and careful consideration but the court may either follow or reject them. This is how Laws are decided to be a persuasive authority or Mandatory Authority; these are various primary sources of American law. References Miller, R. L. , Urisko, M. M. (2011,2008,2003,2000,1995). Paralegal Today THE ESSENTIALS (Vol. 5). Clifton Park NY: Delmar,Cengage Learning. Retrieved November 14, 2012 How to cite Various Sources of American Law, Essay examples

s on The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock Com Essay Example For Students

s on The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock: Com Essay ments Love Song J. Alfred PrufrockT S Eliots Love Song of J Alfred Prufrock The Love Song is the lifetime of laments that one old-aged man remembers, which consist of his past failures. He then puts them into the context of his now-meaningless life to try to comprehend the significance and compensate for his loneliness. Through Eliots rich imagery and excellent use of Poetic Language, Prufrocks explanation of his memories, his experiences and most importantly, his feelings (most of which are doubt) come alive in this poem. Prufrocks dichotomy lies in not only his fear of socilisation but also the underlying misconception that he can change the SORDID State his life is in. On the one hand, Prufrock says And indeed there will be time.. .yet for a hundred indecisions and for a hundred visions and revisions meaning that he is under the impression that he still has a chance to make his life the way it was in his dreams. The unfinished statement I am Lazarus, come from the dead/ come back to tell you all, I shall tell you all- explains this. Some of his dreams/illusions of grandeur(Solo, 104) are of the sort that contain arms that are braceleted and white and bare (women) while others are the more general type, just simple wishes to belong to the modern society I have known the eyes already, known them all: The other hand, the one that drags him back to reality and his current state of solitude also reflects his self-consciousness and the darker side ( Vader, 226) of his fear to become successful in life with the possibilities of failure looming in the background, such that his life has little time left I have seen the eternal Footman hold my coat, and snicker/ And in short, I was afraid. Prufrock is also afraid of the confrontation between himself and others, mostly women which, ironically, he is in constant pursuit of (do I dare? Do I dare?) The formulaic use of irony and imagery are prevalent throughout the poem, as well as the Lesser symbolism to Pass (the Eliot) convey Prufrocks point of view but moreover, his way of thinking. When he speaks of his head upon a platter he is juxtaposing himself to John the Baptist, almost in a pathetic manner. The imagery is not as literal as it tends to be, but it is more of the lyrical, supernatural descriptions that set the mood for this poem. Eliot speaks of yellow fog rubbing the windowpanes and smoking pipes and narrow streets at dusk. This characteristic is purely modernistic, as is the irony. Prufrocks major irony is the misconception that he can change that he is hopeful but his life is so short (after all, he measures his life in coffee spoons!) and he would never be brave enough if he was given the time anyway! Wow! What a thrill! This poem is super-dee-duper. I have spotty underpants nein nein nein nein nein The rhythm is on a somewhat lilted and distorted elementary-ish rhyme scheme. Although most modern poems do not obey the strict laws of composition (sonnets for example and more non-British, Haiku (Urisetsuu, 240 A. D), this one loosely follows typical poetic rhyming schemes but with a complex modern 20th Century twist and shout (Lennon, 1964). The fourth stanzas structure is as follows (with the last words being rhymed only.): peacefully, fingers. Malingers, me. Ices, crisis,{end first sub-stanza} prayed, platter, matter, flicker, snicker, afraid. The first and last word of each sub-stanza rhyme and the couplets in the middle create a tone for the poem that sets it as a true Love song. There are also refrains, or choruses and couplets that repeat themselves. Connotation in this poem is mainly of the themes of death and night towards the end of the poem (symbolism in itself)! Near the beginning, Eliot fills almost every line with the imagery and depth that somehow becomes less prevalent as the poem progresses. .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb , .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb .postImageUrl , .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb , .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb:hover , .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb:visited , .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb:active { border:0!important; } .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb:active , .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uebdb03ce7e5cce1244967652dc1ad1cb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: On The Road Essay Thesis The connotation of his chorus In the room the women come and go, talking of Michaelmalangelo (Homer, 1221) could represent the repetition of the high societys lifestyle of which he is not a member. This is also his lamentable reply. The dryyyyy cracker. These elements amalgamate with Eliots excellent ability to simply explain a complex and underwritten subject.

Tess of the DUrbervilles free essay sample

Tess of the DUrbervillescharacter Response Paper In literature, vampires are everywhere. No, Im not talking about the recent fad prompted by Stephenie Meyer. There is always a character that preys on another, kind of like Meyers sparkling creations or Count Chocula. Thomas Foster, author of How to Read Literature Like a Professor, goes to say that literary vampirism is inextricably linked to sex. The men of Tess of the DUrbervilles can almost all be seen as vampires(in one sense or another), but the fullest embodiment of this role is Alec DUrberville. Everything about Alec portrays him as a vampire. His dark hair and fair skin; his constant showing up unexpectedly; his obsession with Tess; he is definitely akin to Dracula. Aside from the most obvious way that he preys on Tess, by raping her, he does so emotionally. Even though Alec vanishes after that fateful night in the woods, Tess is left with his baby. We will write a custom essay sample on Tess of the DUrbervilles or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When Sorrow dies, sorrow is not gone. Tess is left with nothing, a grave reminder of the life that Alec stole from her. When Angel runs off to Brazil, and Tess is again in Alecs arms, he still preys on her emotions by making her believe that Clare will never return. When Tess kills Alec, she does it appropriately for any vampire: a steak(knife) through the heart. Although Alec is a perfect example of a literary vampire, he is not the only in the novel. Angel is very easily classified as a predator, as he he makes Alecs indiscretion Tesss fault, even though he consented with London prostitute. Tess is left with yet another broken heart because of a mans actions. Jack Durbeyfield is also a nocturnal blood-sucker. When Tess killed the familys only horse, he seemed all too willing to give up his daughter for the promise of not ever working again.

Poo

Poo Everyday people seek information to perform tasks and to arrive at optimal decisions. At jobs and in schools information plays a vital role in learning and succeeding. Many times people become faced with challenging issues and in order for them to make wise and informed decisions, different types of information are needed. In gathering information for economic, interpersonal, medical, or social reasons various sources are used.Today, information seeking takes place in three main areas: electronic media, print media, and word of mouth. Using the "critical incident technique", I will perform an interview where I will investigate how my volunteer went about finding information to help with a major personal decision.The person that I am using for this information-seeking project is a second year ACS student at the University of Western Ontario. During the summer breaks he performs duties as a manager of a local painting company. He is also responsible for hiring painters and completing a ll administrative functions on his own time and by his own means.English: Fall colours surround University College.

Nursing Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Nursing - Research Proposal Example Competence in practice for nurses and doctors are now prescribed to be occurring as a result of interprofessional and collaborative practice in the clinical area. Literature suggests collaborative education provides better learning, but collaboration is a matter to learn. This learning can be initiated while doctors and nurses are both students in the clinical area, but research involving interprofessional learning for both nurse and doctor students is lacking. By questionnaire survey method developed by focus group analysis and pilot studies, groups of doctor students and nurse students will be trained in the clinical area, and at the end of the training, questionnaires will be responded by them. The responses will be analysed to examine the hypothesis, and if proved, this would serve as the future model for further research.Introduction: Active orientation and professional development while in service for nurses is a critical element of a delivery system that sets up high standards for quality of care delivery. Professional nurses are in the scenario of continuous learning, and therefore, they are responsible for their own continuing education. This generates personal and professional growths to the nurse and is a known incentive for persuasion of a higher academic degree. Continuing education is supposed to build on acquired knowledge, attitudes, and skills, where the nurse as a professional would be lifelong learners. Lifelong learning is essential to career development and competency achievement in nursing practice that builds on the scientific base for academic learning in nursing. This consists of competencies, attitude development, eye for evidence, and over all, biomedical knowledge. Additional competencies in collaboration, coordination, interdisciplinary and interprofessional practice activities also serve as media of exchanging knowledge and techniques, and these are critical to modern day health care delivery by the nurses as opposed to single, dis cipline-specific method of educating the nurses (Mathews, MB., 2003). Therefore, this framework if validated may raise the possibility of alternative learning method in nursing education. The strategies for teaching and learning then would involve educational teaming and exchange between different disciplines and other health professionals in similar categories. Theoretically, this format is expected to provide greater access to professional, interprofessional, and eventually education that entails competency in multiple areas. Obviously, the question arises, why interprofessional learning and education. Medical interventions are diverse, vast, and the health problems are becoming increasingly complex leading to a situation that needs continuous up-gradation and revision of educations (Johnson, AW. et al, 2006). These challenges can be solved, as has been suggested by the theorists, by interprofessional learning based on collaboration, team work, and learning together. Consequently, interprofessional learning can be defined as an educational approach which occurs in the form of exchanges between two professions or disciplines that interact in order to foster interactions leading to learning collaborations. An example would make things clear. A nursing student's academic learning for nursing activities and a medical student's academic learning, although based in the same area, revolves around different aspects of the medical science. If the students from both these professions are allowed to collaborate on the learning of clinical aspects of the disease and development of clinical skills related to that, both can gain learning and better understanding of the subject, although this process must be based on mutual understanding and respect for the actual and potential contributions of the disci plines (Furber, C. et al., 2004).

Analyzing Point of View Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Analyzing Point of View - Essay Example The two grow up to adulthood though Paulus has been away at boarding school (Gordimer, 1975). Thebedi, helping her father on the farm grows to a big gracious girl and continues to see the young man. They engage in sex again and out of this, a young innocent child is born. Later, she is married to Njabulo who does not suspect he is not the father of the child. Paulus comes and poisons the child and it dies. A case is filed but Paulus is set free, a sign of injustice to blacks. The point of view used by the narrator, omniscient third point of view does not change all through the short story. It has been consistently used throughout. The deep information he/she provides about the life at Kraal and the farm is a good example. This point of view offers a great description of the events in the story and this gives a clear understanding of it. The story becomes simpler to understand and appeals when one is reading. This point of view enhances understanding of the story. The narrator uses this point of view to show how the blacks were unjustly oppressed. Paulus was guilty indeed but was set free; corruption was used by his father. The blacks were often subject to whites and had no say, Thebedi tells the truth but that is not

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION - Essay Example These are not only concerning financial dealings but also about the readiness of an individual to own up actions, learn from mistakes and strive for improvement. Here again, supervisor can give a value judgment. Format devised above relies substantially upon measurable parameters on the one hand and upon the assessment of supervisor which itself has a direct relationship with the measurable parameters, thus eliminating subjectivity to a large extent. Greater emphasis is laid on behavioral aspects of an employee compared to traits since the former has a direct and greater bearing upon the success of the individual and his team in achieving the performance targets. Based on the elements of evaluation, in association with the line supervisor concerned, I will develop format for periodical recording of performance. These records are to be maintained by the supervisor for on-going review and also overall review at the time of annual assessment. For annual assessment, I will devise a separate format (again based on the same elements of evaluation) which will be filled-in by the supervisor. This format will have not only the supervisor’s assessment but also a record of his interaction with the employee on the assessment itself and the employee’s own remarks. This will commit the employee for owning up his shortfalls (if any) and spur him to greater efforts in areas of deficiency. Thus, I will work towards an open and transparent system of appraisal, which will meet the due process of assessment. Team performance appraisals are not very relevant in the sales department of an auto company unless the sales persons are grouped as teams. Assuming that Luxurion Auto has teams of salesmen (divided on some basis like a territory or a market segment) and group targets are set for such teams, I will certainly create team performance appraisal

The Impact Of Air Transport On Tourism Tourism Essay

The Impact Of Air Transport On Tourism Tourism Essay Air transport is an integral part of the tourism industry. The tourism industry in many countries of the world has been profoundly shaped by the development of air services. The advances in aircraft technology, improvements in communications and information technology, and marketing strategies have improved the quality of air travel and reduced the price of air tickets so that the volume of traffic, particularly on longer routes, has doubled in each of the past three decades (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 1997). The relationship between air transport and tourism is a highly complex subject involving an intriguing mixture of tourism accessibility, economic factors, and demand of low cost carriers. 2. Air Transport and Tourism Air transport is part of a broader travel and tourism sector, which is widely recognized as the worlds largest industry. The airline share of the market increases on longer routes as it is a lot more time-saving. The importance of air transport for tourism is justified in Table 1 (Refer to Appendix), which lists twenty-six countries in which 70 per cent or more of international tourist arrivals came by air in 1994. In fifteen of those countries virtually all visitors arrived by air (World Tourism Organisation, 1996). The cost of air transport has a direct influence on the cost of tourism products and indeed on the consumers choice of destination. The steady reduction in the cost of air travel is making this a more competitive form of transport for tourists. This reduction of costs and hereby airfares is partly derived from improved technology, aircraft have become larger, faster and are able to carry more passengers. It is partly linked to the fact that airlines upgraded their fleets and made second-hand aircraft available at low cost and in good condition to other airlines (Pender, 2001). 3. Tourism Accessibility Tourism accessibility has evolved and became very much commercialized and developed. The accessibility of a destination is an indicator for tourist arrivals, which increases tourist receipts to the country. The advancement in air transport has improved drastically as compared to the mode of transportation in the early days. Air transport has made traveling more affordable and convenient for destinations. Accessibility is one of the many factors that influence the development of tourism in a region. Physical and market access to the destination are important and contributes the attractiveness of a region. Air transport is now able to reach areas that have been previously seen to be inaccessible or remote. Air transport is internationally based in terms of its network across countries. The efficient network of air travel provides access to remote regions and enables them to be considered as tourist destinations and people can now reach places like the Kalahari Dessert in Africa. The journey to any destination in the world is now measured in terms of hours and not days or months. People are now able to travel from continent to continent within hours through air transport. According to Mauritian Central Statistics Office, the figures showed that tourist arrivals grew by 3.6 percent from 761,063 in 2005 to 788,276 in 2006. The increase in tourist arrivals was a result of market diversification, liberalisation of air access and increased seat capacity on the national airline with the acquisition of an aircraft in December 2006 and another one in 2007. 4. Economic Impacts of Air Transport on Tourism The economic environment affects tourism organizations in two ways, the first one generates changes in the demand for an organizations products and the second way implies changes that may affect an organizations costs. The key macroeconomic factors affecting demand for travel and tourism products are customers expenditure, export demand, investment demand and government expenditure (Holloway, C Taylor, N, 2006). The main determinants of customers expenditure are real disposable income, interest rates, expectations, and savings ratio. The economic environment will affect export demand in two ways Exchange rate will affect the overseas price of exports and level of economic growth in countries, which are markets for the products. The determinants of investment demand are customers expenditure, expectations, amount of spare capacity and interest rates. The level of government expenditure reflects the state of the economy and political party in power. The key macroeconomic factors affecting costs of leisure and tourism products are interest rate, inflation, exchange rate, and indirect taxes. Tourism creates important multiplier effects on other sectors of the economy. There are three levels of impacts that can be estimated. The direct effects are the economic impacts derived directly from changes in tourist spending as it occurs in the tourism-related establishments. The indirect effects occur because of the increased purchases of the tourism-related businesses. The direct and indirect effects will have accrued the local income in the form of wages, salaries, profits and rent. The money spent within the local economy will generate additional economic impacts called the induced effect (Bull, 1992 Fletcher, 1999). The World Travel and Tourism Council estimates that tourism generates an indirect contribution to local economies equal to 100 % of direct expenditures. However, there are also negative economic impacts such as leakage, infrastructure cost, and an increase in prices (United Nations Environment Programme, 2003). According to the International Air Transport Association (IATA), air transport provides 28 millions jobs worldwide and the total economic impact of air transport on gross world output is of at least US$ 1,360 billion (IATA, 2003a). Furthermore, the organization estimates that the combined direct, indirect and induced employment created at European airports is 4,000 jobs per million passenger served (IATA, 2003b). 5. Demand of Low Cost Carriers Hanlon examines the factors affecting passenger demand. The three fundamental factors are incomes, fares and service levels (number of flights and routes). Broad estimates of aggregate elasticities imply that demand is highly elastic with respects to income, rather less elastic with respect to fares and relatively inelastic with respect to service levels. (Hanlon, 1999, p.16). Low cost carriers (LCC) often set up bases in nearby countries as their brand awareness becomes more established. According to the Mega-trends of tourism in Asia Pacific, low cost carriers would become one of the king makers of booming tourism (World Travel Organisation, 2006). LCC aim at stimulating demand particularly from fare conscious leisure and business travelers to widen existing markets or to develop markets neglected by competitors. For instance, LCC open more routes and offer flights at a higher degree of frequency. The emergence of LCC has created a gradual evolution in European tourism. According to an article Budget airlines have transformed tourism in Europe (Hotel Marketing, 2006) Statistics show that in 1994 less than 3 million passengers used LCC in Europe, by 1999 this figure increased to 17.5 million and 85 million in 2003, and a year later there was a further rise of 24% to 107 million. 6. Conclusion Most of the travel destinations rely almost entirely on air services for their visitor traffic. The total economic impact of travel and tourism can be assessed by measuring current and capital expenditures in each of the fields including those by consumers, businesses, and government. The adequate system of air services is an essential requirement for the successful development of tourism to many destinations. The emergence of low cost carrier contributed to the increase in tourist arrivals as it caters to the different markets of consumers. There is a powerful synergy between the development of international air transport and international tourism. References Annoymous (2007, February 23). Mauritius expects euro 828m from tourism this year. Afrol News. Retrieved from http://www.afrol.com/articles/24468 Annoymous (2006, November 16). Budget Airlines have transformed tourism in Europe. Hotel Marketing. Retrieved from http://www.hotelmarketing.com/index.php/content/article/061117_budget_airlines_have_transformed_tourism_in_europe/ Balalia, A. E. (2009). Cooperation between the Public and Private Sector Key Element for Travel Tourism in the context of Global Economic Crisis. (pp. 1 16). Bull, A., (1992). The Economics of Travel and Tourism. Melbourne: Pitman Publishing. Fletcher, J., (1999). Input-Output Models, in: Baum, T., Mudambi, R., (ed), Economic and Management Methods for Tourism and Hospitality Research. Chichester, New York, Weinheim: John Wiley Sons Ltd. Hanlon, P., (1999). Global Airlines: competition in a transnational Industry. Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann. Holloway, C., Taylor, N. (2006). The Business of Tourism, 7th edition. Harlow, Prentice Hall. IATA, (2003a). Sustainable Development a balancing act. Available from: http://www.iata.org/soi/environment/sustainability.htm [Accessed 28.06.2003] IATA, (2003b). Fast Facts the air transport industry in Europe has united to present its key facts and figures. Available from: http://www.iata.org/pressroom/pr/index [Accessed 28.06.2003] Ioannides, D., Debbage, K. G. (1998). The Airline Industry and Tourism by Wheatcroft, S. An Economic Geography of the Tourism Industry: A Supply-side Analysis (pp. 157 176). New York, NY: Routledge. Okech, R. N. (2008). The Impact of Transportation on Tourism. Journal of Tourism, Volume IX, No. 2. Pender, L., Baum, T., (2000). Have The Frills Really Left The European Airline Industry?, in: International Journal of Tourism Research, 2 (2000), p. 423 436. United Nations Environment Programme (2003). The economic impacts of tourism. Available from: http://www.uneptie.org/pc/tourism [Accessed 17.06.2003] World Tourism Organization (2006). Mega-trends of tourism in Asia-Pacific. Madrid: World Tourism Organization.

Zagreb, Croatia :: essays research papers

SUBJECT: ZAGREB, CROATIA   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Welcome to one of the most beautiful cities in Central Europe, Zagreb! Although located in a country plagued by war, it offers safety, a strong history, and many tourism destinations. It is considered to be â€Å"the focal point of culture and science, and now of commerce and industry as well† in Croatia. HISTORY:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Originally a â€Å"suburb of the ancient Roman town of Andautonia†, the Mongols invaded it in 1242. It became an important city of Croatia and Slovenia, which at the present time were provinces of Hungary, in the later part of the 13th century. In the 19th century, when Croatia was fighting for independence, Zagreb became an integral part of the nationalist movement. It became the capital of the Croatian Republic of Yugoslavia in 1945. When, in 1992, Croatia became and independent state, Zagreb remained as the capital. PLACES OF INTEREST:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Zagreb has three major regions. The Upper Town, Gornji grad, is over one thousand years old. It contains most of the city’s museums, galleries and churches. It is also the home of the Presidential Palace, Banski Dvori, and Sabor, the Parliament. The Lower Town, Dolnji grad, mostly developed in the 1900’s, is home to most restaurants, cafes, theatres, parks, shopping, and more importantly the nightlife. Of least interest to tourist would be Novi Zagreb, which hosts many skyscrapers and nothing of major interest .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Zagreb is called â€Å"a city of museums as there are more of them per square foot than any other city in the world†. Some of these are the â€Å"Strossmayer Gallery, the Gallery of Modern Art, the Ethnographic Museum, and the Mimara museum which, with almost 4,000 priceless objects, is one of the finest art galleries in Europe.† Other interesting artifacts located in Zagreb are the â€Å"longest piece of writing in ancient Etruscan, and the remains of the Krapina prehistoric man.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The main square in the city is Trg Bana Jelacica. Once there all sights are within walking distance. It hosts a number of churches and cathedrals, which are very important to the Roman Catholic religion. Such as the Archbishops’ Palace, which is attached to the beautiful St. Stephen’s Cathedral. Ivan Mestovic, a Croatian famous sculptor, has many works in St. Marks Church, another important sight. Located in Upper Town is the Stone Gate of the 13th century, on it is a painting of the Virgin Mary, which survived the â€Å"great fire of 1731† and also serves as a â€Å"place of pilgrimage†.

Awareness of safety aspects Essay

Safety aspects, in relation to environment and equipment, include checking the area you are about to do your activity in, i.e. if you’re are going to play football, check there is no dangerous items such as large stones or glass on the pitch and to also check the equipment you are going to use to do your activity, to make sure it is all safe and provides proper protection, for example if you going to play football, check your football and goal posts if they are all in good condition, and ware adequate protection, for the game such as shin pads. We need to warm up for several reasons. One is to prepare mentally for the exercise we are about to do and to get our minds in the correct state to carry out the necessary physical exercises. The other is to warm up physically, to stretch the muscles so they are not all tensed up when we go to do physical activity. This makes our bodies a lot more flexible and a lot more prepared for a game situation. It is necessary to warm up the different muscle groups. For example, warming up your biceps and triceps by reaching for your toes and also warming up your hamstrings by doing squat thrusts to warm up your muscles. You should aim to warm up different muscles at different intervals, so as not to warm up your upper-body muscles all in one go whilst leaving out your lower-body muscles. First, for my warm up we will jog around the gym doing around 5 laps and while jogging around the gym I will be shouting out things i.e. left hand down, right hand down, get down and do 10 press ups and so on. After we have stretched off properly I will play a game called bull dog this game is really easy to play and enjoyable as well so how you play is two people (bull dogs) have to stand in the centre of the gym and shout out one of the persons name and what the person does is shouts out proper loud bull dogs so every one has to go from one end of the gym to the other without getting caught and if you do get court your a bull dog as well so this means that the last man standing wins. This game is good for warming you up because it includes a lot of running in the game. There are three phases to a warm up and they are  Pulse raiser: The aim of the pulse raiser is to elevate the heart rate and respiratory rate by doing light physical activity. This increases the blood flow and helps with the transportation of oxygen and nutrients to the working muscles. This also helps to increase the muscle temperature, allowing for a more effective static stretch. Stretches: Stretching is one of the most critical parts of the Warm Up and of my performance. A more flexible muscle is a stronger and healthier muscle. A stronger and healthier muscle responds better to exercise and activities and helps prevent athlete injury. Before sprinting I stretch for up to 7-12minutes.Bend both knees and put the soles of your feet on the floor to begin.  Leaving one leg bent, straighten the other leg and hold either, behind the thigh or if you are flexible behind the calf. Ensure the flats of your feet remain in contact with the floor at all times  For that additional stretch gently push the flat of the foot out in front of you into the floor.  Hold this stretch for 15 – 30 seconds and repeat on the opposite side. Gluteus Stretch Performed in a supine position. Lie flat out and bend your knees, placing the sole of your feet on the floor. Take leg (a) and place one foot on the knee of the opposite leg (b). Reach through the gap and around the outside of the leg (b), which is bent and on the floor, pull the leg in as far as, is comfortable. Feel the stretch in the buttocks of leg  Hold this stretch for 15 – 30 seconds  Gluteal stretch  Sit upright with your legs stretched out in front of you. Bend one leg (a) and place it over the top of the straight leg (b). Put the sole of the foot of leg (a) on the floor and hug the knee towards the chest. Feel the stretch in the buttocks on the side of leg. Hold this stretch for 15 – 30 seconds. A quadriceps stretch- flat on the floor  Lie face down, with your body in a straight line. Bend one leg aiming to put your heel on your buttocks.  Take hold of the ankle and relax in this position. To increase the stretches push your hips into the floor  Hold this stretch for 15 – 30 seconds  quadriceps stretch performed in a standing position  Ensure your supporting leg is slightly bent and use a wall for support if necessary. Bend your knee and take hold of the ankle of the leg, gently pull the ankle towards your buttocks. Keep your knees together and your head in line with your spine whilst performing this exercise.

America Civilization essays

America Civilization essays Upon the Europeans discovery and colonization of the Americas an irreversible transformation was triggered. The extreme differences in the cultures of the Europeans and Native Americans would prove to be fatal to the way of life that existed before European colonization. It appears that the majority of the actions of the Native Americans towards the new European colonists were in peace and acceptance. Unfortunately the colonists dreams conflicted with the views of the Native Americans. The free living philosophy of the Native Americans left them open to an unexpected overtaking by the colonists. The Europeans believed in making a new world out of America while completely disregarding the fact that there was already an Old World. The English learned quite a bit about survival in the New World from the Native Americans. They were taught how to construct and use nets for catching fish. Also they were taught how to construct canoes, a great method of transportation and hunting. The Native Americans showed them their ways of agriculture which were far superior to the methods of the English. In the 1580s the English settlers feared the Native Americans because the land was new and unknown to them. They did not understand the ways of the Native Americans and feared them. From the settlers perspective they needed to claim and posses land in order to feel safe. Many English settlers had read articles about the Native Americans prior to there journey to the Americas. The French and Spanish had portrayed the Native Americans as Indians. Christopher Columbus wrote that the Native Arawak Indians he encountered as loving people without covetousness. Others early explorers also wrote of the Native Americans friendliness and helpfulness. These images sat well with the expectations of the English, who were originally interested in trading with t...

Live And Let Die essays

Live And Let Die essays In Live And Let Die, written by Ian Fleming, the main character James Bond is a British special agent. In the novel James Bond investigates a serious cover up of gold coins that are used to fund a Russian agency called SMERSH. Bond uses his spy skills to catch the bad guys in the end. The author, Ian Fleming, uses his past experiences to develop Bond as a womanizing character that lives in a world govern by the present values of society at that time period. In the novel Bond starts his mission off in New York and he is briefed on what is going on. James finds out that there are gold coins showing up in different pawn shops located in the big apple. These coins are from a sunken ship in the Caribbean, and are being pawned off in Harlem. In every account a black man pawned the booty. While 007 is in New York he finds out that a black gangster named Mr. Big is behind the gold coin scandal. James also finds out that these gold coins are being used to fund the Russian SMERSH agency. So Bond decides to go to Jamaica where Mr. Big is using a exotic fish company as a front to his gold coin cover up. Bond eventually solves the case and catches Mr. Big. In Live And Let Die, Ian Flemings experiences in the military are evident. Ian grew up in a military family that earned their social stripes with service and blood. (Cork, Internet) His military background explains why his main character, 007, is a military man. In WWII Ian served as a British Navel Intelligence Officer. (Internet Two) Fleming schemed, plotted, and carried out dangerous missions. (Cork, Internet) This is why Bonds military character is written in such good description. Ian used his life experiences and turned them into a character, and used that character in his novel. Bond is basically Ians description of himself. Ian turned his life into a book, which became one of the most famous spy books ev...

Siting a Theatre based on the Findings Research Paper

Siting a Theatre based on the Findings - Research Paper Example In specific, three communities provided the basis upon which the information was gathered. Target groups within these communities were families as a basic unit of a society. This unit was considered based on the socio-cultural trends the three communities seemed to have in common. Research Methodology The research process involved data collection, techniques using various tools which included, the use of interviews, the use of questionnaires, visiting sites during the data collection process. These techniques were blinded by the use of both the structured as well as non-structures sub-categories, giving validity to the information collection process. The use of Questionnaires The questionnaire was a method that was administered to respondents in a user-specific form. It slotted for the three communities in question and was used to collect numerical data. This method was fundamental in the sense that it addressed the issue of time and precision. Because the information needed was not to be treated as crucially confidential, the questionnaire provided the platform where respondents could confidently give their honest opinion about the intended data. This also helped to focus this process on objectivity. The Use of Interviews During the data collection phase, there was also involved in the process, one on one encounter with the respondents. This form of data retrieval was to ascertain the validity of the content of questionnaires. In other words, the two processes in data collection were intended to run concurrently. As this information was sociologically retrieved, there was a need to justify the validity and precision standards of the information collected. Visits to Sites The various communities involved; communities A, B, and C, were those in the immediate vicinities of study sites, as to the appropriate location for the establishment of the theatre. In this regard, the communities depicted a representative target population for the fundamental information nee ded.

Supply Chain Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Supply Chain Management - Essay Example Supply chain management (SCM) system is an integrated system in which different business processes are integrated for different business operations. Different firms like airlines, hospitality, oil and gas, medical, defense and many other logistics firms are deeply interested in the implementation of a robust and automated supply chain management system. SCM involves acquisition of raw materials, the transformation of raw materials into final products. SCM adds value in the business and involves distribution and promotion of final products in the markets. SCM plays a vital role in the exchange of information among business partners like vendors, suppliers, retailers, distributors etc. The main purpose of supply chain management system is to enhance the efficiency and profitability. SCM is also vital in order to gain market leverage or competitive leverage. Supply Chain Management can be defined as â€Å"the integration of key business processes from end-users through original supplie rs that provide products, services, and information and add value for customers and other stakeholders† (Lambert et al., 1998). In supply chain the two important business processes are 1. Inbound logistics 2. Outbound logistics Inbound logistic is also called as material management. The inbound logistics involves the acquisition of raw materials or supplies. ... The different activities of outbound logistics consist of order the product, inventory management and deployment, the storage and handling of the purchased products, transportation, pricing, support in order to promote a product, handling of the returned products and complete life cycle support. The combination of activities of inbound and outbound logistics represents a web or network of the business networks and the relationships among these business networks. During a supply chain management different stakeholders are involved like vendors, distributors, retailers, customers and other third parties associated with SCM. It is very difficult to conceptualize the whole process of Supply Chain Process in a single model because it is very difficult to capture all the real world dimensions or scenarios of SCM in a single model but the process is not so much complicated and surely it has certain solutions. There is not a thorough way to find out the scope of the supply chain problem in a firm except the guidelines which are comprised of competitive strategy, tactical plans and operational routines. There are certain problems issues which are faced during supply chain management process like choosing location, analysis of product demand, distribution process of the finished product, the business partners or strategic alliances, the ways to develop an innovative product, adoption of innovative technologies like IT/IS/E-Commerce, supplier or vendor selection, price planning and restructuring of the business network. The problems or issues encountered in a supply chain management system are generally of two types i.e. strategic and tactical in nature and the problems associated

New Venture Development Business Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

New Venture Development Business Plan - Essay Example It is a private company incorporated in Hong Kong. There is a shift towards consumption of organic foods in China, especially in Hong Kong city because of extensive campaigns urging people to embrace organic products. Increasing population, high number of food poisoning scares as well as need for healthy eating is driving demand of organic vegetables and fruits to the roof in Hong Kong. Therefore, organic products markets is growing rapidly and is promising higher returns to investors. The business is a limited private company owned by a single person. The owner of the company contributed HK$106,000 and borrowed HK$60,000 to finance start-up and part of the working capital. Table of Contents 4.4 Regulatory requirements 8 4.5 Industry challengers 9 5.0 Customer 9 5.1 Understanding the customer 9 5.2 Target customer profile 10 6.0 Competition 10 6.1 Competitor Analysis 10 6.1.1 Direct Competitors 11 6.1.2 Indirect Competitors 11 6.2 Competitive analysis 11 6.2.1 Competitive Advantages 11 6.3 Entry and Growth Strategy 12 7.1 Objectives 13 7.5 The Product 14 8.1 Overview 15 8.2 Pricing strategy 15 8.3 Sales Tactics 16 8.4 Advertising and Promotion 16 8.5 Marketing Communications Strategy 16 9.0 Operations Plan 17 10.2 Personnel Plan 19 11.1 Start-up Summary 20 11.3 Breakeven analysis 21 11.4 Balance Sheet 21 11.5 Income Statement 21 11.6 Cash Flows 21 13.0 References 23 14.0 Appendixes 24 1.0 Introduction The organic vegetable and fruit market has been growing steadily in Hong Kong. This is because disposable income of people in China, especially Hong Kong is steadily increasing. In addition, in recent years, there have been incidences of food poisoning caused by chemical components in food and more people are shying away from chemically processed food. They are becoming more health conscious and are spending thousands of dollars to purchase organic products, especially food. Therefore, the market segment for organic vegetables and fruits is promising. 2.0 The orga nic vegetable concept After working in a grocery shop for over one year, Tim Chan discovered that most consumers in Hong Kong were turning to organic foods especially vegetables and fruits because they were consumed on daily basis. This is because of rising concerns of food poisoning and danger posed by processed and non-organic food to people’s health as informed by the media and health care practitioners. Four in every eighty consumers who visited the food store where Tim Chan worked asked for organic fruits and vegetables. Therefore, Tim Chan identified a growing opportunity to run an organic food store that specialized in vegetables and fruits sourced locally and from western countries. 3.0 Opportunity Rational China is one of the fast growing and lucrative markets in the world with a huge business promise to thirsty entrepreneurs and business persons. As disposable income increases in urban China, people are more preoccupied with higher standard of living and are turning to organic products, especially food to achieve better health status. China’s Urban and rural population spent between 37.9% and 43.7% of their disposable income on food (Lu ,2010). The market for organic food is big and unquenchable. According to (NTZE 2010), the supply of organic foods in China, especially Hong Kong is very low and there is need to increase supply. In addition, food and grocery market segment is expected to grow by 6.6% and 6.1% in 2011 and 2012 respectively. High demand for organic frui

Personality Assessment Instruments Essay Example for Free

Personality Assessment Instruments Essay Personality Assessment instruments are comprised of theories and techniques to measure an individual’s personality traits. The traditional psychoanalytical theories provide a framework for understanding negative behavior as well as concepts that predict future behavioral outcomes. Because of the possibility of predictive personality traits, career counselors and organizations have used personality assessment instruments to screen possible employers for qualification. In addition, personality assessment instrument have also been used to detect disordered personalities or other unresolved issues that cause negative behavior patterns in an individual. In this paper I will discuss three Personality Assessment Instruments widely used in measuring an individual’s personality; Myer-Briggs Type Indicator, Rorschach Inkblot Test and self help books. I will discuss the validity, comprehensiveness, applicability and cultural utility of these personality assessments in also examine the strengths and weaknesses of why some work and some do not. The strength and weaknesses of each personality assessment instrument is key in understanding which instrument is â€Å"appropriate† to use. Myer-Briggs Type Indicator Largely based on Carl Jung’s Theory of Personality, The Myer-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) was created by Katherine Cook Briggs and Isabel Briggs Myer, during WWII to evaluate personality types to know where to place women entering the industrial workforce. The MBTI would assess women for jobs they were best qualified for. Seeing how successful the MBTI was in placing women in the workforce, today it is still used as an assessment instrument by career counselors and organizations for team building (McCaulley, 2000). The MBTI is a self-report, forced-choice questionnaire. The letters represent the respective personality types which have 16 unique possible outcomes. The test has about 100 questions with only two choices to pick from. MBTI divides an individual’s personality into four areas (McCaulley, 2000); 1. Extraversion (E) or Introversion (I) . Sensing (S) or intuition (N) 3. Thinking (T) or feeling (F) 4. Judging (J) or perceiving (P) This scale is an important factor in determining the dominant, auxiliary, tertiary and inferior behaviors of the individual (McCaulley, 2000). Each individual is measured by the four-letter type formula. Each group of letters reveals the dominant function of the individual and followed by the auxiliary. Each of the 16 combination of letters explains the person’s personality and what area they best function in. Rorschach Inkblot Test Hermann Rorschach, Swiss psychiatrist, created ill-defined designs on paper using ink. After much trial and error, Rorschach settled on 10 inkblot cards used to show to patients and illicit a response. It was determined that different patients in a particular psychiatric group gave different responses. The test was created to understand the mind of an individual. During the assessment, the patient is shown a card and is expected to explain the thoughts that come to mind when analyzing the card (Cervone, 2010). The test-giver waits to see the type of response that comes from the patient. And the question of how the patient responds or perceives the inkblot determines the type of personality the patient may have. If the patient’s response matches the inkblot structure’s intended meaning, then the patient’s thoughts are geared towards their reality. If the patient’s response does not correspond with the inkblot then the patient is perceived to have a dysfunctional personality. Self-Help Books Widely popular, Self-help books are a great way for a person to understand psychological disorders and possible treatments. There are a variety of books written by scholars and psychologist who have done extensive work in their area of expertise. Many people who are skeptical about going to therapy choose self-help books as a way to self-administer treatment (Redding et. al, 2008). The problem people face when relying on these books for help is that there is no discussion to make sure that the person understands what they are reading. Also, the books cannot assess the person to see if they can help the person like the MBTI and Rorschach Inkblot do. There is no way to measure if the specific book can help the person. Personality Assessments: from Theory to Practice In this next section I will examine the validity, comprehensiveness, applicability and cultural utility. Throughout my research I have discovered that some critics have argued that each of these personality assessment instruments have weaknesses that do not support what it claims to produce. Others critics have shown the strengths’ in these widely used personality assessment to be applied in various cultures that have shown consistent scoring. Validity One of the most widely used personality assessment instruments is self-help books. They are easily accessible by most people seeking to resolve psychological issues. However, it is difficult to say if what the writer proposes to be a solution works effectively for the reader (Redding et. al. , 2008). The problem with the validity of self-help books is that not all are written by professional psychologist. Often people are faced with serious psychological disorders that they wish to resolve on their own as opposed to therapy (Redding et. l, 2008). Another issue with self-help books is that they do not test people to see if they have applied the information coming from the book to the area in their life where they face challenges nor can it pinpoint the exact disorder a person is dealing with. I would have to say that the Myer-Briggs Type Indicator holds the most validity out of the three personality assessment instruments and is the most favored. The MBTI has been tested and based on the 16 different possible personality types most people have fallen under one of the combinations. The MBTI follows the theory of personality traits by Carl Jung. Jung’s theory distinguishes two dichotomous pairs of cognitive behavior: extraversion and introversion (McCaulley, 2008). The MBTI has been shown to be successful in determining an individual’s personality that fits a specific career or in organizing groups for team building. On the other hand, when a person has been assessed using the Rorschach inkblot test, disordered personality can be revealed thru extensive testing. The validity of the Rorschach inkblot test as but argued that there is a bias in the testing because Hermann Rorschach’s training was in psychoanalytical theories. Another problem that arises with the Rorschach in examining its validity is the scoring of the test. Many of the scorers give a higher score to the test taker if their response matches those of previous scorers (Sendin, 2010). Comprehensiveness Self-help books focus on an areas in an individual’s life such as alcohol addictions, Attention Deficit Disorder, How to deal with a Break-Up. And while the books can be informative the theory behind the solution must be examined. Most self-help books are written in the opinion of the author writing the book. Some of these opinions may not be in accord with the reader’s background so it is difficult to say if the reader is able to comprehend what the author is conveying (Redding et. al, 2008). It also depends only what the reader is looking for. If the reader is open to alternative solutions as opposed to traditional one then the book will help but because a person is not tested on the self-help books they are reading it is hard to determine how comprehensive the book is. MBTI has 16 possible personality types that this world-wide instrument uses to address issues faced by individuals, groups and family counseling that are challenged with communication, career planning, learning and life -long development (McCaulley, 2000). When assessing an individual’s personality not only is this helpful in career counseling but also when determining why individuals or family members are having communication problems. Applicability Self-help books can be easy to understand. Some of the methods are broken down in simple steps that anyone can apply. However, if one wants to assess the type of personality that can handle a certain job the Myer-Briggs Type Indicator is more appropriate to use. This assessment instrument has been used by career counselors and employers to match individuals to specific studies or industries (McCaulley, 2008). I would not recommend using the Myer-Briggs Type Indicator when assessing an individual’s personality for disorders. The Rorschach Inkblot has been a successful instrument in examining the mind of a person (Cervone, 2010). However, the Rorschach inkblot was constructed according to Hermann Rorschach’s training in psychoanalytical theory. Cultural Utility Each culture is made of its own belief system and traditions. What applies in one culture may not necessarily apply in another. Some assessments can be used in most cultures and give the same results across the board. However, not all cultures will accept the theories behind the assessment. The issues that I have noticed in researching the MBTI and Rorschach Inkblot test is that in applying to different cultures there has been challenges faced by psychologist. For one, psychologists have not had extensive training in cultural diversity. Nor have they had training in language. Most ethnic low income groups have had poor health service in which there has been a misdiagnosis due to language barrier (Dana, 2000). Also to consider are groups who come from another country and have different views on the mental health system. For example, in administering the MBTI and Rorschach Inkblot test to Russian Jews challenges are faced because of their cultural belief. Russian Jews are highly suspicious of mental health professionals and find it difficult to believe that community health agencies do not have ties to the government (Dana, 200). As a result, they deny any mental health issues. The fear that exists with Russian Jews is because of the way they saw the Soviet Government force people to commit to a mental health institute (Dana, 2000). Consequently, self help books have been successful in reaching a mass audience because books have been published in various languages. Conclusion As you can see Personality Assessment Instruments have been very useful in helping to examine an individual’s personality for career choices, in team building and examining a disorder. However, specialist have has revealed their weaknesses and show that these instruments cannot be applied in any situation without further investigation. Each personality assessment instrument is unique with it’s own characters. In order to be able to better serve the mental health industry only a particular assessment can be used for a specific analysis.

College Campus Diversity and Student Development

College Campus Diversity and Student Development We should all be having a conversation about diversity. The subject has been important to me since I was a child, perhaps due to personal experience or simply because I find diversity fascinating and beneficial to our growth in this global society. College campus diversity and its effect on students social development is what I want to research for the purpose of this course. When asked to present an implicit theory related to the Higher Education field, cultural diversity was the first thing that came to mind. The United States is a racially and ethnically diverse country; most countries have international students on their campuses, however the vast majority of students are of the same ethnicity. Due to the diversity of the United States, student bodies across the countrys colleges and universities are made up of students from different racial and ethnic backgrounds, which is why I started thinking how diverse campuses might have a positive effect on the students social development . Initially, the implicit theory I developed was Does a culturally diverse college campus help students become more well-rounded individuals? opinions will vary, that is the purpose of doing research, to understand what information is available on the topic and draw our conclusions; However, before the Naked Presentation we were not allowed to perform any type of research. Not researching the topic beforehand allowed my thinking to flow freely. I came into class with all the reasons why I think a culturally diverse college campus enhances students development. In my opinion, diverse college campuses increase self-awareness and expand our capacity for viewing issues in a different way. For most students, college is the first time they are living without their family and interacting with all kinds of people, which is essential for the understanding of my theory. Engaging in campus activities where diversity is promoted is opening doors to the world, the real world. While I do show my hand with this topic, there are many people who may differ from my idea of personal growth being enhanced by diversity, and this is something I want to explore as well. Does campus diversity prepare students for future career success? My initial question brought up more questions, this was one of them. As I mentioned before, we live in a global society, which means we have to interact with people from different backgrounds, not only in events that promote cultural diversity, but in our day to day lives. Todays workforce is rapidly growing more culturally diverse as more minorities and international students obtain their college degrees. College students graduate and enter the workforce with little to no experience, understanding how to interact with other adults, from any social or cultural background is a skill they want to develop while in college. Gaining the capacity of viewing issues from different perspectives, not just your own, will go a long way not only in their personal lives but also in their professional careers. These were the main ideas I had when I chose this topic and developed my theory. Once in class, I began to notice how my colleagues approached each others questions from different angles. The question I ended up with, once everyone shared their input, was Does a diverse college campus influence students development? and I am comfortable working with this question for my project. What do we view as development? And what aspect of development am I going to explore to further develop my theory? These were questions I asked myself when I sat down and expanded my implicit theory. I also considered whether the campus location made a difference in the students development, the effects of attending a campus located in a city might have, over attending college in a rural area. By going to college in a city, students are more prone to interact with people of all backgrounds; bigger cities, such as New York or San Francisco, tend to be more culturally diverse. Whereas, Students who attend college in a rural setting may not have as much, if any exposure to people of different backgrounds due to the makeup of the population. My theory is still a work in progress as I type this, every time I think of the topic, I come up with more questions and ideas relevant to the theory. However, my main focus will remain the same, campus diversity and its influence on students social development. My implicit theory will be evaluated from different perspectives because when we talk about diversity the subject should be studied from many angles, its the essence of diversity after all. Once I read the scholarly articles and papers written about the topic, I know I will have more information to think about my theory more critically, this will subsequently show me different sides of the spectrum.

Human Control Over Nature: The Computer Revolution and Medical Research :: Essays Papers

Human Control Over Nature: The Computer Revolution and Medical Research Throughout history, human beings have struggled to achieve control over nature. Now, in the twentieth century, with all of the scientific advances in computers and medicine, humans have come closer than ever to reaching this ultimate goal. However, along with the benefits of these new and rapidly increasing scientific advancements come moral, ethical and social issues that need to be given consideration. The Computer Revolution has not only vastly improved communication and produced amazing amounts of information, but has raised questions of human rights, privacy and social implications. While medical research has achieved medical benefits not even conceivable in the past, it has also raised major ethical and moral issues. Humans must consider all of these things when making decisions or judgments about human control over nature. Computer technology is advancing at rapid rates. More and more information is found and processed every day. According to Linowes, à ¬More information has been produced in the last thirty years than in the previous five thousand.à ®1 This information that is rapidly becoming available has produced many benefits to the human race. It has given humans more and more control over nature. It has been stated that à ¬the computer has opened up new dimensions in communication, architectural design, engineering, medical analysis, and even artistic expression.à ®2 People thousands of miles away can do more than simply talk over the phone, but see each other while talking on their computer screens. Architectural structures are planned three dimensionally on the computer. This is much faster and easier than using blueprints. Humans are even considering education through computers. Students would not have to leave the comfort of their own home to go to school. Linowes sta tes that à ¬instead of confining formal learning to the classroom, students would be taught wherever they might beÃâ€"by giving them access to centralized information networks.à ®3 This would open up new doors for schooling and revolutionize the education system. Tasks for almost every profession and area of interest are done faster, more efficiently, and with less effort on computers. New advancements make it possible to not only program computers to do what people tell them to, but to think for themselves.

Wuthering Heights-the Structure and Style Transcend the Time

Wuthering Heights —— The Structure and Style Transcend the Time Emily Bronte describes the principal human conflict as one between the individual and the dark, questioning universe, a universe symbolized, in Wuthering Heights, both by man’s threatening and inner nature, and by nature in its more impersonal sense, the wild lonesome mystery of the moors. The structure and narrative style of Wuthering Heights transcend her time. Emily didn’t follow the regular and secular romantic writing techniques at that time, in contrast, she surpassed and created some new skills which modern readers are apt to understand and love. In this article, you will find the following six aspects of the writing style, including the approach of the story’s center step by step with spiral circle, the end echoes the beginning, symbolism of the two generations, the love which makes the negative turn to be positive, the dark satanic hero, and the alternant emotion with contradiction throughout the whole story. Emily has written a novel which seeks to move ever closer to the center of a unique and remarkable human relationship, and the very structure of her book emphasizes this movement. In Chapter One, for example, readers are as far as possible from the heart of the story’s experience due to the innocent guesses of Lockwood (the narrator or diarist). However, later chapters move progressively closer to the heart of the story, and the beginning, with its subtle suggestions of an old tragedy and with Lockwood’s naive judgments of Heathcliff, will come to be prophetic. Therefore, the plot of Wuthering Heights is not sequential and linear, but described as a spiral circle compared with other coetaneous novels. That is to say, readers have been always following Lockwood to circle around the center of the story step by step, until the origin of the tragedy vividly comes in front of their eyes. In spite of the spiral circle, the end echoes the beginning, which is another exquisite narrative technique, capture readers’ hearts. The last chapter tells of Heathcliff’s slow disintegration and death. The death itself is preceded by a fasting, reminiscent of the fasting which precipitated Catherine’s final illness. Because Heathcliff is described as robust and healthy shortly before his sudden decline, we suppose that it is his overwhelming desire or will to die and to return to his beloved Catherine, the thought of which â€Å"lights his face with a strange joy†(Wuthering Heights 137) for days, that really kills him, and not the mere abstinence from food. The structure of the book achieves an almost perfect symmetry in the death of Heathcliff. And the end of the novel as at the beginning, the master spirit is staring out into a storm, searching for Catherine. Emily Bronte features similar destiny about the two generations, but different endings of them. She describes this kind of symbolism by giving the names Catherine and Linton. Both Catherine (Catherine Earnshaw and Catherine Linton) marries Linton (Edgar Linton and Linton Heathcliff), who they don’t love most. The mother Catherine dies before the book is half over, but her spirit continues to rage in the turbulent air of Wuthering Heights, haunting Heathcliff, and also returns, healthily subdued, in her daughter Cathy. The daughter finally gains happiness which stretches over two generations. And we may say that these two Catherine can be considered as one person who is also the heroine throughout the whole story. The other is about Linton. Linton Heathcliff, who is â€Å"a nervous, sickly, effeminate child, weak-willed and petulant like his mother, and, like her, the pitiful victim and tool of his father† (Wuthering Heights 112)inherits disadvantages from both sides of his parents——the peevishness and self-pity of the mother and the bad temper of the father. It is ironic but the symbolism is clear. Hate is barren. Contrast to hatred, the love in this novel is also particular. Heathcliff and Catherine suffer from the separation for many years even after the heroine’s death. Only death can bring them together because of those insurmountable social and conceptual gaps even though Catherine’s nature is â€Å"a nature that is one with Heathcliff’s† (Wuthering Heights 58). Heathcliff's whole life is an embodiment of the force of evil. Contemplating his history is like peering at a beloved film of a picture: everything that should be dark is fading and everything that should be light is covered with darkness. Heathcliff and Catherine love each other by inflicting pain on one another instead of permitting pleasure. They did not live together when they were alive; they could love together after they died. They sustained themselves not by eating but by refusing to eat. It is Emily Bronte’s triumph as novelist that as her book proceeds, the negative becomes positive. Even in the end, through the rumors, â€Å"Catherine and Heathcliff walk the moors at night and even appear within the house at Wuthering Heights. (Wuthering Heights 140) They finally get together after they died and the negative death turns to a positive and extricable ending. And about the typical hero of the novel, Heathcliff is one of the most attractive characters in the history. To answer the question why he is so popular, it should be attributed to the black description of this â€Å"dark Satanic† hero. â€Å"Heathcliff, of course, is frequently compared to a demon by the other characters in the book. † (Sparknotes: Literature Study Guides: Wuthering Heights: Analysis of Major Characters) At first glance he may seem entirely wicked, even a criminal. The vicious way in which he destroys Hindley and brutalizes Isabella suggests that he is a man for whom sympathy ought to be impossible. Yet Emily Bronte manages her dark hero a sympathetic figure. When he has gone so far as to drive Lockwood out into the storm alone, there comes one of the overwhelmingly lyric moments in the novel as Heathcliff leans far out of the window and implores the spirit of Catherine to come in. The depth of feeling, the compassion of which Heathcliff is plainly capable in this scene, forces us to reconsider our judgment of the man. Without question he is brutal, but just as plainly he has within him the potential for great tenderness and love. Obviously, this potential has been destroyed somewhere along the line, and those readers, their interest aroused in how this could have happened, read on. Besides the hero, Heathcliff, who we love to hate, the fluctuation of alternant emotion is also a point of contradiction throughout the novel — — violent but dreamlike, brutal but romantic, fanatical but gloomy, all of these consist of a piece of deserted wilderness with mysterious beauty. Readers easily feel lost into the anxiety and disturbance that Emily delivered to them, as well as the desire to explore the ins and outs of the whole story under an intangible force. And the last paragraph that Lockwood said to himself in the end of the novel gives readers a peaceful and harmonious aftertaste despite of all the thrilling revenge and love. â€Å"Under that benign sky; watched the moths fluttering among the heath and harebells; listened to the soft wind breathing through the grass; and wondered how anyone could ever imagine unquiet slumbers for the sleepers in that quiet earth. The metaphor here is about the hard â€Å"heath†, which is a part of Heathcliff, comparing with soft wind, in order to leave hope for readers. The six aspects above can be divided into two parts: the structure and the characters which of both have been created surpassing the time of Emily Bronte. On one hand, the spiral circle and the correlation between the end and the beginning, is th e key to the structure of the novel. The book begins in 1801, on the very rim of the tale, long after the principal incidents of the story have taken place. Readers are far from the heart of the novel in the first pages, however, blundering along with the guide Lockwood later. Gradually we spiral in toward the center. But neither Lockwood nor Dean is unperceptive and we must struggle hard before we can actually achieve the true center of the novel, the passionate last meeting of Heathcliff and Cathy in which, for a moment, we are permitted to stare into the heart of the fiery furnace. On the other hand, about the most powerful character in the novel, the darkness and violence that was in Heathcliff from the beginning, is in every man. And because this darkness is so primal and so universal, it can never be overcome. It persists, implacable and unchangeable, a comment not just on one man’s special sorrow but on every man’s dark heritage. That is why a dark Satan is more attractive than a pure Angel in readers’ hearts. And Heathcliff is a powerful figure not only because he is rooted in the traditions of his own time, from which he draws strength, but also because he makes a universal statement about man’s nature, which continues to strike readers today as remarkably fresh and modern. Therefore, no matter the structure or the character that attracts lots of readers in history, the remarkable sense of the privacy of human experience, is clearly the central vision of Wuthering Heights and it is always being transcending the time. Works Cited Bronte, Emily, Wuthering Heights, Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2005 Gui Tuoqing, Selected Readings in English and American Literature, Beijing: China Foreign language Translation Press, 1985 Wuthering Heights, http://www. sparknotes. com/lit/wuthering/canalysis. html , , : ,1994 , , : ,2000

Implementing Change

Implementing Change Free Online Research Papers Change is very important for the future growth of a successful business. Leaders of organizations must analyze whether are not their organization will be able to change with the times, due to the organizational demands, society, and economic shifts. Former Chief Executive Officer of Gene One, the late Don Ruiz, was developing an effective plan to implement positive organizational change. Mr. Ruiz wanted to establish the company as a strong competitor. Therefore, Ruiz decided to go public by turning Gene one into an Initial Public Offering (IPO) in 3 years. Due to Mr. Ruiz’s untimely death, the plan was never introduced or implemented throughout the organization. As one Of Don‘s siblings, my family and I have come up with a strategy so that Don’s dream could come a reality. The purpose of this body of work is to introduce strategies that may be used to bring effective change to the structure of leadership so Gene One can experience change successfully. A seven st ep proposal will be introduced so that change can be initiated. My family has illustrated our plan below in Table 1: Table 1: 7-Steps Used to Initiate the Change Strategy: The Present state or condition of Gene One The change strategy will discuss the current state or condition of Gene One as well as provide a brief synopsis of the company and the challenges it faces in the first step. Gene Created in 1996, Gene One, became the first biotech company of its kind to eliminate disease in tomatoes and potatoes through gene technology. Gene One’s development eradicated the use of pesticides that are used when growing these plants. In eight years Gene One grew to a $400 million dollar company. Recently, biotechnology has seen significant growth on Wall Street. Therefore Gene One, is considering beginning an IPO under the direction of the Board and Don Ruiz. Under the IPO Gene One is hoping the company will grown 40% annually. Ruiz wanted to initiate his plan in 3 years. Gene One must evaluate the structure of the leadership so that it may succeed as a public entity. An IPO must adhere to the requirements of the federal mandated Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOA). There must be one member of the board that has financial experience according to SOA. The board must be comprised of three committees: compensation, auditing and nominating. Gene One must also shift from equity to cash. The company currently lacks the leadership experience with IPO which calls for a need to hire someone with the necessary knowledge and experience. The company is currently not in compliance with the SOA requirements. Due to the untimely death of Don Ruiz, the company is without a Chief Executive Officer. As the plan is implemented it is also critical to consider those individuals resistance to change. All of the aforementioned factors beg for a change in leadership. Explanation of Gene One’s Proposed Process Change Step 2 of our plan will discuss the proposed process and organizational structure change that will be implemented throughout Gene One. The current contract of each board member will undergo a revision. The new contracts will indicate that the board’s compensation will transition to cash. The Executive Board will consists of 7 seven members. At least one of the members must be a Certified Public Accountant (CPA), with IPO experience and a Certified Auditor with experience in the bio-technology industry. Additionally, the board will establish the auditing, compensation, and nomination committee. Each potential board member and member of the executive team will be subjected to a thorough nationwide educational, employment, credit, and criminal background check prior to acceptance of the position. In addition all individuals in a leadership role throughout the company will undergo intense IPO training. Moreover, the current leadership will began a nationwide search for chang e agents that may replace current leaders or add to the organization. The vision of Gene One will be broadened to include the IPO. Furthermore, the leadership team will develop new process that provide for more accountability and transparency throughout the company. Competencies of Gene One’s Leadership Gene One is grateful to the current leaders for their dedication and hard work that has brought the company to where it is today. However, it is imperative that the competencies of the leaders be addressed and evaluated in this change strategy. Due to the overwhelming successful leadership of one of Gene One’s founders, Michelle Houghton, it has been decided that Mrs. Houghton will be named acting Chief Executive Officer. Mrs. Houghton will bring to the executive team her task oriented leadership style and her proven success rate in securing funding from government and private investors. It is further decided that Charles Jones will no longer serve the organization in his current role as Marketing Officer. Mr. Jones succeeded in branding Gene One but failed to design and implement a marketing structure. It is imperative that Mr. Jones be transferred to a non-supervisory position whereas he can focus on branding Gene One as an IPO utilizing hisgreat ideas, smart risk takin g, and biotechnology connections. He will be replaced by a marketing officer with a proven track record of initiating a successful IPO marketing campaign. Teri Robertson will remain in her current role as Chief Technology Officer. She has effectively mastered her position and it is the nation’s leader in the industry. Greg Thoman, the current Chief Human Resources Officer, will remain in his position; however, his job description will be reevaluated. Mr. Thoman’s responsibility will focus on staffing, recruiting, and Employee relations issues. Because he lacks the necessary experience to provide cultural change, we will immediately begin the search for a change agent. The change agent’s responsibility will be to effectively carry out the change strategy, and to ensure that the attitudes and behavior of all personnel remain beneficial to the company’s success. After the plan is effectively implemented, the change agent will be responsible for continually evaluating the change and preparing for future cultural growth. Capacity for Change within Gene One Step 4 calls for a discussion of the capacity for change within Gene One. According to Judge Robbins (2007), â€Å"Initial Public Option usually means when a company issues common stock or shares to the public for the first time.† Therefore one can assume that Wall Street may begin to drive the way Gene One does business. This is a dramatic change for the organization and will require a positive message being sent throughout the organization that lessens the fears that an individual may feel that their creativity and research ability will become controlled by investors. For eight years, Gene One has been conducting business as usual with a good level of success. In order to go form good to great the capacity for change is essential to the future growth of Gene One. The key in this step is to remain positive and create positive messaging. There is a strong capacity for change however, the leadership team must be on the same page and elicit support/buy-in from stakeholders, cust omers and employees. Capacity for Leadership Structure Teri Robertson as CTO, is one of Gene One’s most influential leaders. Recently she has expressed her discontentment of the change. As acting CEO, Michelle and the current board must have a one on one discussion with Ms. Robertson whereas she is reassured that the new change will not affect her autonomy to offer research in additional areas of study. Furthermore, a plan must be devised to assure that Gene One remains innovative and continues to birth the leading trends of the industry. Furthermore the change agent along with the executive team must keep all of their internal and external relationships intact. Rumors must be dispelled as soon as they are discovered and it is that a phenomenal marking plan is implemented to proactively counter negativity. Resources Necessary to Implement Change There are multiple resources and/or tools needed to implement the change strategy at Gene One. In order to ensure success of the IPO formation, the leadership team must conduct ample research on the types of investors Gene One seeks and secure at least 2-3 investment firms or underwriters willing to make the initial offer. Additionally, a signed certified financial statement must be developed and submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission and all SOA requirements must be met. In order to ensure success within the leadership structure, all leaders must receive IPO educational training along with literature explaining the process. Secure additional funding to introduce new products. A financial strategy must also be developed to maintain and stay within the budget restraints. In addition, new technologies will need to be ordered and a plan for marketing must be created. Temporary Goals The final step of this change strategy calls for setting temporary goals. The following goals must be completed within one year of this strategy: (1) Hire additional leadership personnel, (2) Create A New Business Model (3) Acquire capital needed for growth by identifying investors, (4) Provide a path to growing Profitability, (5) Significantly Improve Marketing structure, and (6) meet all state and federal mandates. Gene one is an extraordinary company. With the indispensable talents, leadership style, dedication, and knowledge base of its leadership team, our family is more than confident that the change strategy for the Initial public offering will be implemented successfully. Don Ruiz started this company with $2 million dollars and a dream, 8 years later it’s worth $400 million. This change strategy will allow for Gene One to increase its annual growth by 40%. As a team, let’s make it happen in the memory of Don Ruiz. References Robbins, S. P., Judge, T. A. (2007). Organizational behavior (12th ed.). Chapter 19: Organizational Change and Stress Management: Prentice Hall University of Phoenix. (2009). Gene One scenario. Retrieved March 25, 2010 from University of Phoenix, Week Five, LDR/531 Organizational Leadership Course, Class Materials web site. Yukl, G. (2006). Leadership in organizations (6th ed.). Chapter 10: Leading Change in Organizations: Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Research Papers on Implementing ChangeAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaGenetic EngineeringThe Project Managment Office SystemUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresPETSTEL analysis of IndiaOpen Architechture a white paperTwilight of the UAWIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product